The sexual behaviour of the pygmy newt, Triturus pygmaeus

نویسندگان

  • J. Hidalgo-Vila
  • N. Pérez-Santigosa
  • C. Díaz-Paniagua
چکیده

The courtship behaviour of pygmy newts, Triturus pygmaeus, consists of three phases: orientation, static display (often not clearly differentiated from each other) and spermatophore transfer. The repertoire of male sexual behaviour consists of nine different movements. Exhibition, an alert posture in which the male advances with small jumps around the female, is the most frequent behaviour. The predominant tail movement is slow fan, in which the tail is softly undulated from approximately 30± to 140± . In contrast to the tail lashes of the large Triturus species, the tail only occasionally beats against the male’s  ank and never touches the female. Bait mimic tail movements (described for T. boscai as  amenco) are used to attract the female’s attention. The duration of sexual encounters was 2203 s on average, in which males displayed in about 81% of this time. Although the courtship of T. pygmaeus shows clear differences from that of its closest relative, T. marmoratus, it should nevertheless be grouped with the larger Triturus species: conspicuous tail movementes are used to attract the attention of the female, but no direct response is required of her to complete the courtship. Resumen. En el cortejo de los tritones enanos, Triturus pygmaeus, se pueden distinguir tres fases diferentes: fase de orientación, fase de exhibición estática y fase de deposición del espermatóforo. Las dos primeras no se distinguen claramente, sino que frecuentemente se alternan entre sí. Los machos de esta especie realizan nueve pautas diferentes relacionadas con el comportamiento sexual. Entre ellas, destaca la que denominamos exhibición, en la que el macho, en una posición de alerta con todo su cuerpo muy estirado, realiza pequeños saltos alrededor de la hembra. Este comportamiento, que es el que se observa con mayor frecuencia, parece tener un papel importante como señal visual en el cortejo. Otra pauta importante por su frecuencia es la denominada abanico lento, en la que los machos ondulan lentamente su cola, a la vez que abren y cierran el ángulo (que oscila entre 30± y 140±) que ésta forma con su cuerpo. Otra pauta característica es el latigazo corto, un movimiento brusco de la cola similar al de otras especies de tritones, de las que se diferencia porque la cola sólo ocasionalmente alcanza a golpearse contra su propio cuerpo y nunca llega a tocar a la hembra. Se describe en esta especie una pauta de engaño,  amenco, en la que los movimientos de la cola imitan a los de supuestas presas con el Ž n de atraer rápidamente la atención de la hembra. Esta pauta había sido descrita anteriormente para T. boscai. La duración media de los cortejos fue de 2203 s, en los que el 81% de este tiempo los machos elaboran pautas de cortejo. Aunque el cortejo de T. pygmaeus muestra claras diferencias con la especie próxima, T. marmoratus, se considera que debe ser clasiŽ cado en el mismo grupo, entre los tritones de mayor tamaño, en las que el cortejo se caracteriza por el uso de comportamientos muy conspícuos para la atracción de la hembra, y en el que no se requiere un respuesta directa de la hembra para realizar la deposición del espermatóforo. © KoninklijkeBrill NV, Leiden, 2002 Amphibia-Reptilia 23: 393-405 Also available online www.brill.nl 394 J. Hidalgo-Vila, N. Pérez-Santigosa, C. Díaz-Paniagua

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تاریخ انتشار 2011